Includes bibliographical references (p. 370-387) and index.

Retrospective -- Divergences -- Paul, the Reformation, and modern scholarship -- The Lutheran reading of Paul -- Opposition to the Lutheran reading -- A sociological approach -- Jewish law and Gentile mission -- The origins of Paul's view of the law -- The evidence of Acts -- The Cornelius episode -- The origins of the Antiochene Church -- The evidence of Paul's letters -- A mission to the diaspora -- Gentile circumcision and the diaspora synagogue -- Jewish rejection and Gentile mission -- Freedom and alienation -- Two sociological models -- Qumran -- The Johannine community -- Paul -- The Galatian crisis -- The origins of the crisis-- Mission to Gentiles : early debates -- From the Jerusalem council to the Antioch incident -- The founding of the Galatian churches -- Agitation in Galatia -- Paul's response to the crisis -- Denunciation -- Antithesis -- Reinterpretation -- Philippi, Corinth and the Jewish Christian Mssion -- Philippians 3 : a postscript to Galatians -- Place and time of writing -- Denunciation -- Antithesis -- "Judaizers" at Corinth? -- Jewish Christianity in 1 Corinthians? -- Paul's opponents in 2 Corinthians 10:13 -- 2 Corinthians 3 as evidence for "judaizers"? -- Jews, Gentiles, and Romans -- Rome in Pauline perspective -- The question of the purpose of Romans -- The origins of Roman Christianity -- A divided community (Romans 14:1-15:13) -- Gentiles and Jews in Rome (Romans 16) -- The evidence of Romans 1:1-17 and 15:14-33 -- The social function of Romans 2 -- A sociological approach to Romans 1:11 -- Romans 2 : denunciation -- Critique of the Jewish view of the covenant -- The obedient Gentiles -- Pauline antithesis and its social correlate (Romans 3) -- The textuality of the law (Romans 3:1-20)-- Jews, Gentiles, and faith (Romans 3:21-31) -- Secondary comparisons (Romans 3:27-31) -- The law and Christian identity (Romans 4-8) -- Reinterpreting Abraham (Romans 4) -- Grace and works -- A symbol of unity -- Christ, hope, and reconciliation (Romans 5) -- The social significance of hope -- The universal Christ -- Grace, law, and sin (Romans 67) -- Two communal identities -- The genesis of sin -- Law and spirit (Romans 7-8) -- "To those under law as one under law ..." -- A conflict of jurisdictions -- Rehabilitating the law -- Election : reimagining the scriptural witness (Romans 9-11) - Orientation (Romans 9:1-5) -- The pattern of election (Romans 9:6-29) -- The dynamics of election (Romans 9:30-10:21) -- The scriptural hope (Romans 11:1-36).